Hardy zones 3 to 9 in full sun to partial shade or deciduous shade on fertile, well drained loam. Plant bulbs 8 inches deep and 10 inches apart, with 2 to 3 inches of mulch added on top. Late August through October is the best time to plant. Foliar feeding encourages vigor. Flowers should be deadheaded as they fade but foliage should not be cut until it dies of following years growth will be stunted.
Propagation is from offsets. Clumps can be divided during mid summer.
They are deer and rabbit resistant. The bulbs are poisinous and should not be eaten.
In some regions, Daffodils and Narcissus's are prone to an insect called the Narcissus Bulb Fly, which lays eggs at the foliage base, then the larvae that hatch burrow into the bulbs. It can be controlled by BioSafe or planting in groundcover since this insect has a definately preferance for plants growing on bare ground.
* photos taken in Columbia, MD on March 2010
* photos from unknown source on internet
* photos taken on Mar 23 2011 @ Brookside Gardens, Wheaton, MD
* photos taken on Apr 5 2011 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 6 2013 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Mar 20 2023 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus asturiensis
Reaches up to 5.5 inches in height with golden-yellow, trumpet-shaped flowers, up to 1.3 inches in length, borne during late winter. Native to Spain.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
Narcissus bulbocodium ( Hoop-Petticoat Daffodil )
Reaches up to 20 inches x 1 foot, with rush-like leaves, up to 15 inches in length.
The trumpet-like, yellow flowers, up to 1.7 inches across, with narrow petals, are borne late winter into early spring.
Hardy zones 5 to 9. Native to western Europe.
Narcissus canaliculatus
Reaches up to 9 inches in height, with erect blue-green leaves. The reflexing white flowers have a round golden-yellow cup. The very fragrant flowers are borne 3 to 4 per stem during mid spring.
Hardy zones 6 to 9. Prefers full sun.
Narcissus cantrabricus
Reaches up to 10 inches in height, with erect blue-green leaves, up to 12 inches in length. The reflexing white flowers have a round golden-yellow cup. The very fragrant flowers are borne 3 to 4 per stem during early spring. Native to southern Spain.
Hardy zones 6 to 9. Prefers full sun.
Narcissus cyclamineus ( Cyclamin Flowered Narcissus )
Reaches up to 1 x 1 foot, with narrow, bright green leaves up to 12 inches in length.
The drooping, golden-yellow flowers, up to 3.2 inches in length, have back-swept petals and a narrow trumpet.
Hardy zones 3 to 9, prefers light shade and moist soil.
Native to southern Spain where it is endangered.
'February Gold'
Golden-yellow flowers.
'February Silver'
White flowers.
'Jack Snipe'
Creamy-white flowers with a golden-yellow trumpet.
'Peeping Tom'
Reaches up to 16 inches, with golden-yellow flowers with a deeper golden-yellow trumpet.
'Tete-a-Tete'
Reaches up to 8 inches in height, bearing abundant, fragrant, deep golden-yellow ( with yellowish-orange cups ) flowers, up to 2.5 inches wide, are borne 2 or 3 on a stem during early spring. Great for naturalizing, it forms large colonies.
Hardy zones 3 to 8
* photos taken on Mar 22 2020 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Mar 23 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Mar 30 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Mar 22 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Mar 16 2023 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Mar 20 2023 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Mar 16 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus x gracilis
A hybrid reaching up to 16 inches in height, with very fragrant, short-cupped, pale-yellow flowers, up to 2 inches across, borne during late spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
Narcissus jonquilla ( Jonquil )
Reaches up to 20 inches x 1 foot, with deep green, rush-like leaves up to 18 inches in length.
The very fragrant, small-cupped flowers, up to 1.6 inches across, are borne in clusters of 2 to 6 during mid spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9.
* photos taken on Apr 20 2015 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 10 2018 in Columbia, MD
'Floro Pleno'
Double flowers.
'Golden Sceptre'
Very fragrant, golden-yellow flowers with a very deep cup.
'Suzy'
Very fragrant, bright yellow flowers with an orange cup.
'Trevithian'
Very fragrant, pale yellow flowers.
Narcissus juncifolius ( Rush Leaved Jonquil )
Reaches up to 10 inches in height, with rush-like leaves, up to 8 inches in length.
The very fragrant, bright yellow, small-cupped flowers, up to 0.8 inches across, are borne in clusters of 2 to 5 during early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
* photo taken on Apr 22 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus minor
Reaches up to 8 x 6 inches, with leaves up to 6 inches in length.
The yellow flowers, up to 1.6 inches in length, with paler twisted petals, are borne early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9. Native to the Pyrenees.
Narcissus nanus
Reaches up to 6 inches in height, with leaves up to 6 inches in length. It is more erect in habit with broader flowers than the very similar Narcissus minor
The light yellow flowers, up to 1.6 inches in length, with paler twisted petals, are borne early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9.
Narcissus obvallaris ( Tenby Daffodil )
Reaches up to 1 foot in height, with leaves up to 12 inches in length.
The golden-yellow, trumpet flowers, up to 2.3 inches, are borne very early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
Narcissus x odorus
A hybrid originating in the wild in southwestern Europe, that reaches up to 16 inches x 1 foot. The leaves are up to 12 inches in length.
The very fragrant, bright yellow flowers, up to 2.3 inches across, have a bell-shaped cup. The flowers are borne in clusters of 2 to 4 during early spring.
Hardy zones 4 to 9.
'Plenus'
Double flowers.
Narcissus poeticus ( Poets Narcissus )
Reaches up to 2 x 1.5 feet, it is native to central and southern Europe though has also naturalized in the British Isles, western Asia and parts of eastern North America. It is locally naturalized near Haliburton, Ontario as well as near Wiarton. It is found on grassy meadows and deciduous woodland in the wild.
The leaves are up to 18 inches in length.
The highly fragrant, single, pure white flwoers, up to 3.2 inches wide, with yelloew center ( often edged in red ), appear during mid to late spring.
Hardy zones 4 to 9 ( 3 with reliable snow cover ).
* photos taken on Apr 7 2018 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 15 2022 in Columbia, MD
'Flore Pleno'
Double white flowers, otherwise identical to above.
* photos taken on Apr 13 2023 in Elkridge, MD
'Recurvus'
The flower petals are swept back, otherwise identical to species.
Narcissus pseudonarcissus ( Lent Daffodil )
Reaches up to 15 inches x 1 foot, with leaves, up to 20 inches in length.
The flowers are light yellow with a deeper yellow trumpet.
The flowers, up to 2.3 inches across, are borne during early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9. Native to Europe.
* historic archive photo
'Moschatus'
Only reaches up to 6 inches in height, with nodding white flowers.
Narcissus rupicola
Reaches up to 9 inches x 1 foot, with leaves up to 7 inches in length.
The leaves are rush-like.
The very fragrant, bright yellow, small-cupped flowers, up to 0.8 inches across, are borne in clusters of 2 to 5 during early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9. Native to Spain.
Narcissus scaberulus
Reaches up to 5 inches in height, with rush-like foliage.
The deep orangish-yellow flowers, up to 1 inch across, have a narrow trumpet, up to 1.3 inches in length.
The flowers are borne during early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9. Requires very well drained soil but likes consistant moisture while blooming.
Narcissus tazetta ( Bunch Flowered Narcissus )
Also called Paper White. Reaches up to 2.6 x 1 foot, and is native from Portugal to Turkey. The leaves are up to 20 x 0.6 inches wide.
The white flowers have a very shallow light yellow cup. The very fragrant flowers are borne in clusters of 4 to 8 during winter.
Hardy zones 6 to 9
* photo taken on Mar 12 2024 in Columbia, MD
'Papyraceus'
Pure white flowers during winter.
Hardy zones 5 to 9. Great for forcing in bowls indoors.
Narcissus triandrus
Reaches up to 1 x 1 foot, with leaves up to 12 inches in length.
The pendulous, white to yellow flowers have backswept petals and a globular cup, up to 0.8 inches. The drooping flowers are borne in clusters of up to 6 during early spring.
Hardy zones 4 to 9. Native to southwest Europe.
'Albus'
Reaches up to 4 inches ( bloom height ) with creamy-white flowers.
'Concolor'
Reaches up to 6 inches in height with pale yellow flowers.
'Liberty Bells'
Soft yellow, long cupped flowers.
'Thalia'
Reaches up to 16 inches, with white flowers.
'Tresamble'
White flowers with a creamy yellow base.
Narcissus watieri
Reaches up to 4.8 inches, with rush-like foliage.
The flowers are white to rarely pinkish-white, with a greenish-yellow cup, up to 0.3 inches in length.
The flowers, up to 1.3 inches across, are borne during early spring.
Hybrids ( too many to list here )
* photos taken on Mar 15 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 9 2017 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Accent'
Vigorous, reaching up to 1.5 feet, with white flowers than have a salmon-pink carola.
Narcissus 'Actaea'
Reaches up to 1.5 feet, with fragrant flowers.
* photo taken on April 11 2010 @ U.S. National Arboretum
Narcissus 'Barrett Browning'
Reaches up to 1.3 feet and is great for naturalizing.
The pure white ( with orangish-yellow trumpet ) flowers appear during early spring.
Plant bulbs 6 inches deep.
* photo taken on Mar 26 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'British Gamble'
Vigorous growing, reaching up to 1.7 feet.
The huge flowers are pure white with a peachy-pink trumpet. They appear during early to mid spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 7
* photos taken on Apr 22 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Dutch Master'
Reaches up to 1.5 feet, with large, pure yellow flowers borne during mid-spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 8
* photos taken on Mar 13 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Erlicheer'
Reaches up to 1.3 foot, with fragrant, double white flowers during mid-spring. A single stem may bear up to 12 densely packed flowers.
Plant bulbs 6 inches deep.
* photos taken on Mar 30 2024 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 10 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Fortissimo'
Reaches up to 1.7 feet and is great for naturalizing.
The very large ( up to 5 inch wide ) flowers are intense yellow with a deep orange cup. They appear during mid-spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 8, the bulbs should be planted 7 inches deep.
* photos taken on Apr 22 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Goblet'
Reaches up to 1.5 feet with white flowers with an intense golden-yellow trumpet with a ruffled edge.
Hardy zones 3 to 7
* photo taken on Apr 5 2011 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Mar 17 2023 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Ice Follies'
Long lived and reaching up to 1.5 feet, bearing white ( with pale yellow trumpet ) flowers, up to 4 inches wide, during early to mid spring. It is great for naturalizing.
Hardy zones 3 to 8.
* photos taken on Mar 30 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Mar 21 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Mar 12 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Mount Hood'
Reaches up to 1.5 feet with pure white ( often with some yellow in throat ) flowers, up to 4 inches wide, that appear during mid-spring.
The narrow foliage is deep green.
Hardy zones 3 to 7
* photos taken on Apr 7 2018 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 12 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Apr 2 2023 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Petit Four'
Reaches up to 1.5 feet with white ( with double peachy-pink or beige trumpet ) flowers that appear during early spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 8
* photos taken on Apr 12 2022 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Red Devon'
Reaches up to 1.5 feet with a bright yellow ( with orange cup ) flower, up to 4 inches wide.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
* photo taken on Mar 26 2022 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Tahiti'
Reaches up to 20 inches with huge golden-yell0w ( with orange-red center ) double flowers, up to 4.5 inches wide. They appear mid to late spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 8.
* photos taken on Apr 9 2019 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 12 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 10 2024 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Teal'
Reaches up to 2.2 feet with flowers, up to 4 inches wide, that are intense yellow and with a pure white trumpet. The flowers appear during mid-spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 7
* photo taken on Apr 7 2018 in Columbia
Narcissus 'White Tete-a-Tete'
Also called Narcissus 'Toto'. Reaches up to 8 inches in height, bearing abundant, fragrant, yellow ( with yellowish-orange cups ) flowers borne 2 or 3 on a stem during early spring. Great for naturalizing, it forms large colonies.
Hardy zones 3 to 8.
* photo taken on Apr 14 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Apr 13 2023 in Columbia, MD
Narcissus 'Winston Churchill'
Reaches up to 16 inches with double, creamy-white ( yellow-centered ) flowers that bloom later than most daffodils.
* photos taken on Apr 22 2021 in Columbia, MD
Daffodils & Narcissus...additional photos
* photos taken on Apr 7 2018 in Columbia, MD
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