Valeriana

Valeriana

Valeriana arizonica
A dense, compact, mat-forming perennial, reaching up to 1 x 2 feet, that is native to the western United States.
It spreads due to its creeping rhizome.
The fleshy, oval leaves, up to 3 inches in length, are deep green.
The abundant, pale pink flowers are borne on corymbs up to 6 inches across, during early summer.
Hardy zones 5 to 7 in full sun.

Valeriana montana ( Dwarf Valerian )
A tufted, mat-forming perennial, reaching up to 10 x 10 inches. It is native to open montane woods and rocky slopes in high mountains in central Europe.
The basal leaves are entire yet the stem leaves are pinnate.
The pink or white flowers are borne on small, rounded clusters atop thick stalks during early summer.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in full sun.

* historical archive photo

Valeriana officinalis ( Common Valerian )
A fast growing to invasive, clumping perennial, reaching a maximum size of 7 x 4 feet, that is a widespread native to temperate Eurasia. It has naturalized locally in eastern North America to as far north as Tobermory and Haliburton, Ontario as well as the Gaspe region of Quebec and Nova Scotia.
The compound leaves, up to 8 inches in length, are composed of lance-shaped leaflets, up to 2.8 inches in length. The foliage is pinkish at first, turning to mid-green.
The white to pink to purplish-pink flowers are borne on flat inflorescenes during mid to late summer.
Hardy zones 3 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on moist, fertile, acidic to neutral soil. Propagation is from seed or division during early spring.
Pharmacology: this is the Valerian that is often used in herbal sleep remedies.

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Valeriana phu
A rhizomatous, woody-based perennial, reaching a maximum size of 5 x 3.3 feet, that is native to western Asia.
The broad leaves, up to 7 inches in length, are deeply-cut. The foliage is bright green at first, later turning to mid-green.
The white flowers are borne on huge dense panicles up to 2 feet across, from mid to late summer.
Hardy zones 3 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on just about any moist soil.

'Aurea'
The foliage is yellow at first, later turning to bright lime-green.

Valeriana sambucifolia
A fast growing, erect perennial, reaching up to 6 x 2.5 feet, that is native to Europe.
The pinnate leaves are composed of up to 19 toothed leaflets. The aromatic foliage is deep green.
The pale pink flowers are borne on branched flat heads during early summer.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in full sun.

Valeriana saxatilis ( Dwarf Valerian )
A tufted, mat-forming perennial, reaching up to 8 x 8 inches.
The basal leaves are entire yet the stem leaves are pinnate.
The pink or white flowers are borne on small, rounded clusters atop thick stalks during early summer.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in full sun.

Valeriana sitchensis ( Sitka Valerian )
A perennial that is native to northwestern North America ( from Anchorage, Alaska to Fairbanks, Alaska to central Yukon to southwest Northwest Territories to Grande Cache, Alberta to central Montana; south to northwest California to southeast Idaho ).

* photo taken by Jean Pawek @ CalPhotos

* historical archive photo