Clematis wilt may affect the hybrids. It is important to plant the crowns slightly below ground. This encourages many buds and rapid replacement of any infected stems which would need to be cut back to the soil line. The stems are brittle at the base...surrounding them with cobblestones may help preventing them from breaking off. The small flowered species Clematis(s) are not prone to clematis wilt.
* photo of unknown internet source
* photo taken on June 23 2013 @ U.S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC
* photo taken on July 27 2015 in Bayfield, ON
* photo taken on May 4 2017 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 27 2017 @ Meadowlark Botanical Gardens, Vienna, VA
Clematis addisonii ( Addison's Leather Flower )
A upright to vining perennial, reaching up to 6.5 feet, that is native to the Blue Ridge Mountains in Virginia. It is endangered in the wild.
The ovate, entire, stem-clasping leaves are blue-green.
The lavender-pink flowers, up to 1.2 inches in length, are borne during late spring, often repeating late summer into autumn.
Hardy zone 4b to 7 in full sun to partial shade on just about any moist, fertile, well drained soil.
* USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
* historic archive photo
Clematis alpina ( Alpine Clematis )
A vigorous vine, reaching a maximum size of 13 x 5 feet, that is native to mountains of central Europe as well as Manchuria and Korea.
The leaves are divided into 9 toothed, oval to broadly-ovate leaflets, up to 3.5 x 3.5 inches in size. The foliage is bright green.
The violet-blue ( with white stamens ), bell-shaped flowers, up to 1.6 inches across, are borne during mid to late spring. It will sometimes throw random repeat blooms during early autumn.
They are followed by attractive silky seed heads.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 ( tolerating as low as -40 F ) in partial shade. Tolerant of summer drought.
* photos taken on June 1 2014 @ Maryland Horticulturalist Society garden tour, Ellicott City
* photos taken @ Smithsonian Inst, Wash., DC on Aug 25 2014
'Blue Giant'
Large, violet-blue flowers, up to 2.8 inches across.
'Columbine'
The lavender-blue flowers have pointed sepals.
'Francis Rivis'
Single, mid-blue flowers, up to 3 inches in length, with petals that are somewhat twisted.
'Pamela Jackman'
Deep blue flowers.
Hardy north to zone 3
Clematis armandii ( Armand's Clematis )
A very fast growing to rampant, evergreen vine, reaching a maximum size of 60 x 10 feet, that is native to southern China and northern Burma. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 15 feet.
Excellent for a south facing wall or fence.
The leathery foliage is divided into 3 long leaflets, up to 6.5 x 3 inches in size. The foliage is glossy deep green.
The fragrant, single, white flowers, up to 3.2 inches across, are borne during early to mid spring.
Hardy zones 7 to 9 in full sun on a site protected from wind. It is slow to establish, often taking up to 2 years. Heat and humidity tolerant, it thrives in the southeast U.S.
* photos taken on Sep 3 2017 @ U.S. National Arboretum, D.C.
* photo taken on Aug 4 2021 @ U.S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC
'Apple Blossom'
Fragrant pink and white flowers.
Clematis chrysocoma
Also called Clematis spooneri. A deciduous vine, reaching a maximum height of 27 ( rarely over 20 ) feet, that is native to southwestern China.
The ternate leaves are composed of 3 obovate leaflets that are up to 2.4 x 1.8 inches in size. The leaves and shoots are downy. The foliage is purplish at first, turning to deep green above, yellowish-green beneath.
The abundant, pure white flowers, up to 3.2 ( rarely over 2.3 ) inches across, are borne mid-spring into early summer.
Hardy zones 6 to 9
Clematis cirrhosa
A vigorous evergreen vine, reaching a maximum height of 23 feet, that is native to the Mediterranean. The foliage is fern-like. The glossy deep green leaves, up to 2 inches in length, can be either simple or 3 lobed.
The fragrant, creamy-white, bell-shaped flowers, up to 3 inches across, are borne late winter into early spring.
They are followed by silky seed heads.
Hardy zones 7 to 9 in full sun. Drought tolerant.
* historic archive photo
* excellent photo link found on internet
http://plants.nature4stock.com/?page_id=644 .
var calycina
The greenish-yellow ( spotted purple ).
Hardy zones 8 to 9
Clematis columbiana ( Rock Clematis )
A perennial vine, reaching up to 8 feet in height, that is native to western North America ( from British Columbia to Manitoba; south to Oregon to Texas ). It is ideal for growing up a trellis.
The trifoliate leaves are composed of 3 narrow-oval leaflets. The foliage turns to yellow during autumn.
The showy, nodding, bluish-purple flowers are borne during summer.
Hardy zones 4 to 7 in ful sun to partial shade on moist, humus-rich, well drained soil. It blooms on year old wood and should be pruned immediately after blooming.
* historical archive photo
Clematis crispa
A perennial vine, reaching just 7 x 2 feet, that is native to the southeastern U.S. ( from eastern Oklahoma to southern Illinois to Virginia; south to eastern Texas to central Florida ).
The flowers, up to 2 inches wide, are lavender to pale blue.
Hardy zones 5 to 9 in full sun to partial shade on just about any well drained soil.
* photo taken by Carl Hunter @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
Clematis x durandii
A semi-climbing perennial, reaching a maximum size of 10 x 5 feet. It can be grown through a large shrub or tied to a trellis.
The ovate leaves, up to 5 inches in length, are glossy mid-green.
The nodding, intense indigo-blue ( with creamy-white stamens ) flowers, up to 5 inches in length, are borne mid-summer to mid-autumn.
Hardy zones 4 to 8. Cut back to 2 inches from ground level during early spring.
Very easy to grow, even on pure sand.
Clematis x fargesioides
A fast growing Clematis vine, reaching up to 23 feet, bearing lightly fragrant, pure white ( with yellow stamens ) flowers, up to 1.5 inches across, borne mid-summer to early autumn.
Clematis flammula
A fast growing, dense, deciduous to evergreen ( depending on climate ) vine, reaching a maximum size of 25 x 10 ( rarely over 17 ) feet, that is native to southern Europe.
The divided leaves are composed of 3 or 5 narrow lance-shaped leaves. The foliage is dull green.
The abundant, fragrant, single, pure white flowers, up to 2 inches across, are borne in panicles during mid summer into early autumn.
They are followed by silky seedheads.
Hardy zones 6 to 9 in full sun.
* historic archive photos
'Rubromarginata'
Fragrant white flowers are fringed violet-red.
Clematis florida
A deciduous to semi-evergreen vine, reaching a maximum height of 17 feet, that is native to southeast China.
The leaves are divided into oval leaflets, up to 5 inches in length. The foliage is glossy deep green.
The creamy-white ( greenish striped beneath ), up to 3.2 inches across, are borne mid summer into early autumn.
The stems are wiry.
Hardy zones 6 to 9 in full sun preferring a site protected from excessive wind.
'Sieboldii'
The semi-double flowers, up to 4 inches across, are white ( centered purple )
Clematis fremontii ( Fremont's Leather Flower )
An upright ( non-vining ) perennial, reaching a maximum size of 2.3 x 2 ( rarely over 1.5 ) feet, that is native to the central U.S. ( Nebraska; south to Kansas and Missouri. The growth originates from a thick rootstock.
The leathery, broad-ovate or oval leaves, up to 5.5 x 4.3 inches in size, are gray-green.
The solitary, light purple or bluish-purple, urn-shaped flowers, up to 1 inch long, are borne during mid to late spring.
They are followed by showy, fluffy white seedheads.
Hardy zones 4 to 7 in full sun or partial shade on alkaline, well drained soil. It is very tolerant of limestone and is also drought tolerant. Slow to establish but worth the wait.
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
* historic archive photo
Clematis heracleifolia ( Blue Bush Clematis )
A rhimomatous, sprawling to shrubby perennial, reaching a maximum size of 5 x 5 feet, that is native to Korea and central China. It always looks best with some kind of support such as a stake or fence.
The leaves, up to 11 inches in length, are composed of sharply-toothed, oval leaflets, up to 7 x 6 inches. The foliage is deep green.
The very fragrant, purplish-blue, bell-shaped flowers are borne in Hyacinth-like clusters during late summer into early autumn.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on moist, fertile, humus-rich, well drained soil. Clumps can be divided during early spring.
* photo taken on June 23 2013 @ U.S. National Arboretum, Washington DC
* photo taken on Aug 4 2021 @ U.S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC
* photo taken on Aug 4 2021 @ U.S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC
'Crepascule'
Bushy with fragrant, intense bright blue flowers.
var. davidiana
Also called Clematis tubulosa. It is native to northeastern China and Korea. Fragrant, large, violet-blue flowers.
* photos taken on Sep 3 2017 @ U.S. National Arboretum, D.C.
'Wyevale Blue'
Deeper blue flowers appear a month earlier than species.
Clematis indivisa
* historic archive photo
Clematis integrifolia ( Solitary Clematis )
A perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6.3 x 5 feet, that is native from southeast Europe into central Russia, Kazakhstan and northern Xinjiang Province of China. This plant becomes sprawling if not given support.
The deeply-veined, simple, ovate to elliptical leaves are up to 6 x 4.4 ( rarely over 4 x 3 ) inches in length. The foliage is mid-green. The leaves are paired along the stems.
The nodding, blue-violet flowers, up to 3.2 x 2 inches, are borne all summer long.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on moist, fertile, well drained soil. It thrives in harsh continental climates, even in interior Alaska. Cut back to ground level in early spring. It always looks best with some kind of support such as a stake or fence. Clumps can be divided after cutting back.
'Hendersonii'
Larger deep blue flowers.
Clematis x jouiniana
An extrmely vigorous hybrid between Clematis vitalba & C. heracleifolia davidiana, forming a medium size vine, reaching a maximum vining size of 30 x 12 feet. It is not twining and needs to be tied into place such as onto a fence. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 10 feet. Makes an excellent groundcover.
The leaves are composed of leaflets, up to 4 inches in length.
The abundant, white ( with lilac tints ) flowers, up to 1.3 inches in length, are borne in panicles from mid summer to early autumn.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on fertile, moist soil. It should be cut back to near ground level in early spring.
Clematis lasiantha ( Chaparral Clematis )
A vigorous, deciduous vine, reaching up to 20 feet, that is native to most of California. The leaves are composed of 5 ovate leaflets up to 2 inches in length. The leaflets are usually 3-lovbed.
The flowers are up to 1 inch wide.
Hardy zones 5 to 10 in full sun to partial shade on well drained soil. It is tolerant of clay and floodplain conditions.
Clematis ligusticifolia ( Western White Clematis )
A very fast growing, woody vine, reaching 20 + feet, that is native to western North America ( from Moresby Island, British Columbia to central British Columbia to Lethbridge, Alberta to southern Manitoba; south to southern California to southern New Mexico to Oklahoma ).
The pinnate leaves are composed of 5 or 7 toothed leaflets.
The very abundant, creamy-white flowers, up to 1 inch wide, are borne on broad clusters during mid-summer.
They are followed by showy silky seed plumes.
Hardy zones 3 to 10 in full sun to partial shade on well drained soil. It prefers afternoon shade where summers are hot. Western White Clematis is tolerant of clay, drought and floodplain conditions. Cut back to 1 foot in height during the winter every 3 years to renovate.
* photo taken by Sheri Hagwood @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
Clematis macropetala ( Siberian Clematis )
A vigorous, deciduous vine, reaching a maximum size of 17 x 5 ( rarely over 12 ) feet, that is native to Siberia, Kamchatka, eastern Mongolia, north-central & northeastern China.
The leaves, up to 6 inches in length, are divided into toothed, lobed leaflets up to 2 x 1.8 inches in size. The foliage is luxuriant mid-green.
The abundant, violet-blue, semi-double flowers, up to 3.5 inches across, are borne mid to late spring. It will also sporadically rebloom throughout the summer.
They are followed by silky seedheads.
Hardy zones 2 to 7 in full sun, it even thrives in south-central and southeastern Alaska. Tolerant of summer drought.
var. albiflora
Pure white flowers; otherwise identical to species.
'Blue Bird'
Deep blue flowers.
'Joe Zary'
Reaches up to 12 feet in height, with huge, violet-purple, nodding flowers, up to 4 inches across. It was developed on the Canadian Prairies.
'Maidwell'
Deep blue flowers.
'Markham's Pink'
Rosy-pink, semi-double flowers, up to 3 inches in length.
Clematis montana
A very fast growing, deciduous vine, reaching a maximum size of 60 x 10 feet, that is native from Afghanistan through most of temperate China. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 18 feet; maximum trunk diameter - 5 inches. Great for covering walls and fences.
The leaves are divided into 3 coarsely toothed, oval leaflets, up to 4 x 2 inches in size. The mid-green foliage persists late in fall.
The abundant, fragrant, white ( with yellow anthers ), single flowers, up to 3 ( 5 in some cultivars ) inches across, are borne from mid spring to early summer.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 ( root hardy to zone 4 ) in partial shade though tolerating full sun if the roots are shaded. Very easy to grow.
* historic archive photo
'Pink-A-Boo'
Fragrant, rosy-pink, single flowers, up to 2 inches across.
The foliage is deep reddish-purple.
'Rubens'
Fragrant, rosy-pink, single flowers, up to 2 inches across.
The foliage is bronze-green.
* photos of unknown internet source
* historical archive photo
* photo taken on May 18 2015 in Olney/Sandy Spring, MD
'Tetra-Rose'
Very vigorous with lilac-pink, single flowers, up to 4 inches across.
The foliage is bronze-green.
Clematis occidentalis ( Purple Clematis )
A woody-stemmed vine, reaching up to 10 feet, that is native to western North America ( from southwest Yukon to central Alberta to central Saskatchewan to Moosonee, Ontario; south to northeast Oregon to central Utah to central Colorado to Thunder Bay, Ontario to Manitoulin Island, Ontario ). It is endangered in Saskatchewan, Oregon, North Dakota, Iowa, Illinois, NC, VA, WV, PA, Mass, VT & NS. It is extinct in Ohio & Delaware. Purple Clematis is threatened in Wyoming, Michigan, Quebec, NB, Maine & VT. It is found in dry open woods in the wild.
The trifoliate leaves are composed of 3 toothed, ovate leaflets, up to 3.5 x 2 inches in size. The foliage is bright green.
The showy, bluish-purple, nodding flowers, up to 2.5 inches wide, are borne during late spring.
Hardy zones 2 to 6 in partial shade on well drained soil.
Clematis ochroleuca ( Golden Bush Clematis )
A deciduous clumping perennial, reaching up to 2 x 1.5 feet in size, that is native to dry woods in the Piedmont region of the eastern U.S. ( from Maryland to northern and central Georgia ). There is also a separate native population on Long Island, New York.
The oppositely-arranged, stem-clasping leaves, up to 6 inches in length, are broadly-ovate to triangular. The very attractive foliage is luxuriant bright green.
The creamy-white to pale purple, nodding, bell-shaped flowers, up to 0.7 inches in length, are borne during late spring.
The golden-yellow, fluffy seedheads are very attractive.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in partial shade on well drained soil. It is tolerant of dry shade. Cut back to near ground while dormant. It is propagated from seed only.
* photo taken on Aug 23 2014 @ U.S. Botanical Garden, Wash., DC
Clematis orientalis
A fast growing, deciduous vine, reaching a maximum vining size of 27 x 20 ( rarely over 20 ) feet. It is native to central Asia ( from Kazakhstan & Kyrgyzstan: south to northern Afghanistan to Tibet ).
The leaves are composed of up to 7 leaflets, up to 2.3 x 1.3 inches in size. The attractive, finely-cut foliage is gray-green.
The hanging, orange-yellow flowers, up to 2 inches across, are borne mid-summer into early autumn.
They are followed by silky seed heads.
Hardy zones 5 to 8
'Bill Mackenzie'
Hanging, golden-yellow, bell-shaped flowers over a very long season from early summer to mid-autumn.
It is smaller in stature, reaching up to 15 feet.
Clematis pitcheri ( Pitcher's Clematis )
A perennial vine, reaching up to 12 x 5 ( rarely over 10 ) feet, that is native to the Midwest U.S. ( from Nebraska to southern Indiana; south to Texas to Tennessee ).
The flowers are purplish-blue ( deeper on the inside ) with yellow stamens, borne during summer.
Hardy zones 4 to 8
* photo taken by Clarence A. Rechenthin @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
Clematis potaninii
Also called Clematis fargesii souliei. A deciduous vine, reaching a maximum height of 27 feet, that is native to central China.
The leaves, up to 8 inches in length, are composed by broadly-ovate leaflets, up to 2.3 x 2 inches in size. The papery foliage is mid-green.
The pure white flowers, up to 2 inches across, are borne mid summer into autumn.
They are followed by feathery seed heads.
Hardy zones 6 to 9
Clematis 'Prairie Traveler's Joy'
A very fast growing hybrid climbing Clematis that was developed in northern Manitoba.
The starry, white flowers are borne in sprays from early summer to early autumn.
They are followed by attractive fluffy seed heads.
Hardy zones 1 to 9 in full sun to partial shade on well drained soil.
Cut back hard ( even to ground ) every 2 to 3 years.
Clematis recta ( Ground Clematis )
A moderate growing, semi-vining perennial, reaching a maximum size of 10 x 6 ( rarely over 4 ) feet, that is a widespread native to Europe and western Asia ( subspecies subsp. nannophylla in north-central China ).
The pinnate leaves, up to 6 inches in length are composed of up to 9 leaflets, up to 3.5 x 1.6 inches in size. The leathery foliage is glossy deep green and should not be eaten because it is poisonous.
The fragrant, starry, white flowers are borne in large terminal panicles from early to mid summer.
They are followed in autumn by attractive silvery seed heads.
Hardy zones 2 to 7 in full sun to partial shade on fertile, moist soil. It is extremely hardy, thriving even in south-central & southeastern Alaska. It always looks best with some kind of support such as a stake or fence. Clumps can be divided after cutting back.
* photo taken on Aug 25 2011 @ Scott Arboretum, Swarthmore College, PA
* historic archive photo
'Purpurea'
The young foliage is reddish-purple.
Clematis rehderana
A very fast growing, deciduous vine, reaching a maximum size of 33 x 22 feet, that is native to western China. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 10 feet.
The divided leaves are composed of 7 to 9 toothed leaflets, up to 3 x 2 inches in size. The foliage is bright green above, silky beneath.
The nooding, pale-yellow, single, bell-shaped flowers are borne on loose erect clusters up to 10 inches in length. The flowers are borne during mid summer to early autumn.
Hardy zones 6 to 9 in full sun.
Clematis tangutica ( Golden Clematis )
A fast growing, dense, deciduous vine, reaching a maximum size of 30 x 20 ( rarely over 20 ) feet, that is native from Kazakhstan to western & central China. Some records include: 4 years - 20 feet. Great for covering fences and walls.
The pinnate to double pinnate leaves are composed of lobed, oval leaflets, up to 2.3 x 0.8 inches in size. The foliage is mid-green.
The golden-yellow, single, lantern-shaped flowers, up to 2 x 4 inches in size, are borne early summer, often repeating into early autumn.
They are followed by large, fluffy seedheads that persist into winter.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 ( even reported in zone 1 Whitehorse, Yukon T. ) in full sun to partial shade on well drained or dry sandy soil. Tolerant of poor soil conditions and summer drought. It thrives especially well right across the Canadian Prairies where it is sometimes naturalized.
Clematis terniflora ( Sweet Autumn Clematis )
Also called Clematis paniculata. A deciduous to semi-evergreen vine reaching a maximum height of 33 feet, that is native to Siberia, Mongolia, Manchuria and eastern China. Sweet Autumn Clematis is very fast growing, up to 30 ( rarely over 20 ) feet per year. It is often used to cover arbors and chain link fences.
The leaves are composed of 5 leaflets up to 4 ( rarely over 3 ) inches in length. The foliage is glossy deep green.
The very abundant, white flowers, up to 1.6 inches across, are borne on panicles up to 3 inches in length, during mid-summer into early autumn.
They are followed by silvery seed heads.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 ( likely 3 for Manchurian seed source ) in full sun to partial shade. Cut back hard during late winter. Tolerant of summer drought.
* photos taken on Sep 3 2012 in Columbia, MD
* historic archive photos
* photo taken on Sep 8 2022 in Columbia, MD
Clematis texensis ( Scarlet Clematis )
A rare, fast growing vine, reaching a maximum height of 47 ( average is 15 ) feet, that is native to a small region in central Texas.
The pinnate leaves are glaucous blue-green.
The nodding, brilliant scarlet-red, urn-shaped flowers ( with leathery sepals ), up to 1 inch in length, are borne mid summer until autumn frosts. Some hybrids have larger flowers, up to 2 inches across.
They are followed by feathery seedheads.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on well drained to sandy soil. It is fully hardy at Dominion Arboretum in Ottawa, Canada as long as it has deep winter mulch or a protective layer of snow cover. It usually dies back to the ground each winter but grows back quickly. Very heat tolerant but require its roots to be shaded and cool. Slow to establish but very sturdy once it has.
Clematis tibetana ( Orange Peel Clematis )
A fast growing vine, reaching up to 18 feet in height, that is native to Tibet in Asia.
The attractive ferny foliage is gray-green to blue-green.
The thick petalled, yellow flowers, up to 2 inches across, are borne during late summer. The flowers attract butterflies.
They are followed by showy, fluffy seedheads which persist into winter.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in partial shade. Very easy to grow.
Clematis viorna ( Leather Flower )
A sprawling, herbaceous, perennial vine, reaching up to 10 feet, that is native to rich woods and floodplain forests in the eastern U.S. ( from central Missouri to northwest Ohio to across southern Pennsylvania but not New Jersey; south to Arkansas to central Georgia ). It is critically endangered in MO, Illinois, PA, MD & Delaware.
The leaves are either single or trifoliate. The ovate to elliptical leaflets are lobed. The foliage is mid-green.
The purplish-red ( edged pale yellow ), nodding, tubular flowers, up to 1 inch in length, are borne late spring to late summer.
Hardy zones 6 to 8 in partial to full shade on moist, well drained soil. It is tolerant of drought as well as temporary flooding.
* photo taken on Aug 24 2017 @ U.S. Botanic Garden, Wash. DC.
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
* historic archive photo
Clematis virginiana ( Virgin's Bower )
A very vigorous to invasive, stoloniferous, deciduous vine, reaching up to 25 feet, that is native to eastern North America ( from southern Manitoba to Thunder Bay, Ontario to Wawa, Ontario to Haileybury, Ontario to Gaspe and Cape Breton, Nova Scotia; south to central Nebraska to Louisiana to far northern Florida ). It is found in open woodlands, cliffs, floodplains and swamps in the wild. In the Windsor/Essex County, Ontario region; it was abundant on the Lake Erie islands as well as the Ohio shore during the 1800s.
The leaves are composed of toothed leaflets up to 3.5 x 2.3 inches in size. The foliage turns to yellow or purplish during autumn.
The creamy-white flowers, up to 1 inch wide, are borne mid summer to early autumn.
Hardy zones 3 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on moist, well drained soil. Very easy to grow and is probably better on tough sites due to its extreme vigor. It is also tolerant of temporary flooding. Propagation is easy from layering, in fact it will root naturally anytime it touches the ground.
* photos taken on July 16 2016 in Bayfield, ON
* photos taken on July 16 2018 @ Wye Marsh, Midland, ON
* photos taken on June 21 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Aug 22 2021 in Bayfield, ON
* photo taken on Aug 15 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Apr 20 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 1 2023 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Aug 2 2023 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on July 7 2023 @ Bayfield, ON
* photos taken by Robert H. Mohlenbrock @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / USDA NRCS. Wetland flora
Clematis vitalba
A very vigorous vine, reaching a maximum height of 100 feet with a trunk diameter up to 1 foot. It is native to central & southern Europe including the British Isles.
The leaves are composed of toothed, ovate leaflets are up to 4 inches in length. The foliage is glossy mid to deep green.
The white flowers, up to 1.3 inches, are borne mid summer to early autumn.
They are followed by seedheads that persist into winter and provide food for wildlife.
Hardy zones 4 to 9 in partial shade on moist, well drained soil. It has proven hardy in zone 3 in trials at Indian Head, Saskatchewan and Brandon, Manitoba but dies back at least partially during winter. Very hardy, it will even grow on limestone cliffs.
* historic archive photo
Clematis viticella ( Italian Clematis )
A very vigorous deciduous vine, reaching a maximum size of 33 x 5 feet, that is native to Europe.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 20 feet.
The pinnate to double pinnate leaves, up to 5 inches in length, are composed of up to 3 broad, oval leaflets, up to 2.8 inches in length. The foliage is mid-green.
The abundant, reddish-purple, violet or blue flowers, up to 5 inches across, are borne on new growth during mid summer to mid autumn.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in full sun. It has proven hardy in zone 3 in trials at Indian Head, Saskatchewan and Brandon, Manitoba but dies back at least partially during winter. Very disease resistant. Looks best if cut back hard to near ground level during early spring before growth begins.
'Alba Luxurians'
Vigorous with large, nodding, white flowers, up to 3 inches across.
'Betty Corning'
Light lavender flowers.
'Diamantina'
Huge, densely-petalled, bluish-purple flowers, up to 6 inches wide, appear during late spring into early summer, then repeating during early autumn.
* photos taken on Oct 23 2023 in Columbia, MD
'Etoile Violette'
Deep violet-purple flowers.
'Kermesina'
Wine red flowers.
* photo taken on Aug 12 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on July 3 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 26 2023 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 23 2021 in Columbia, MD
'Madame Julia Correvon'
Abundant, large ( up to 4 inch wide, wine-red flowers with golden-yellow stamens from mid-summer to early autumn.
'Minuet'
The large creamy-white flowers are edged in purple.
'Prince Charles'
Compact in habit, reaching a maximum height of 6 feet but profusely bearing large, bright purplish-blue flowers, up to 4 inches across.
Great for containers and the patio garden.
'Purpurea Plena Elegans'
Very double, violet-purple flowers, up to 2.5 inches across.
CLEMATIS HYBRIDS
Hardy zones 4 to 9 unless otherwise noted, in full sun with roots in shade.
Clematis's require cool, deep soil and the soil should be prepared to a depth of at least 18 inches during planting.
* photo taken on annual Horticultural Society of Maryland Garden Tour
* photo taken on May 16 2011 in Washington, D.C.
* photos taken on May 18 2015 in Pikesville, MD
Clematis 'Ascotiensis'
Vigorous in habit, reaching up to 12 x 3 feet.
The very profuse, single, bright lavender-blue flowers, up to 6 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Barbara Dibley'
Intense deep pink flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Barbara Jackson'
Purplish-pink ( barred deep red ) flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Belle of Woking'
Whitish-pink, double flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Bluebird'
Deep violet flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Charissima'
Pink ( with deep red barring and center ) flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Comptesse de Bouchard'
Vigorous growing, reaching up to 12 feet in height.
The very abundant, rosy-pink flowers, up to 7 inches across, are borne on current seasons growth beginning mid-summer.
Prune back to 1 feet from the ground during late winter.
Hardy zones 4a +.
* photo taken on June 22 2014 in Howard Co., MD
Clematis 'Countess of Lovelace'
A Clematis, lacking in vigor, reaching only up to 8 x 3 feet in size.
Lilac-blue flowers, up to 6 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
The first flush of flowers are double, the repeat bloom during late summer is single.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Daniel Deronda'
Violet-blue flowers, up to 8 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
The first flush of blooms are semi-double.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
'Clematis 'Dr Ruppel'
* photo taken on June 1 2014 @ Maryland Horticulturalist Society garden tour, Clarksville
* photos taken on May 21 2020 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Aug 12 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Aug 24 2022 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Dutchess of Edinburgh'
Reaches up to 10 feet with double, white flowers, up to 6 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
* photo taken on Nov 27 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on June 1 2014 @ Maryland Horticulturalist Society garden tour, Clarksville
* photo taken on May 3 2018 @ Montpelior Mansion, Laurel, MD
* photos taken on May 13 2019 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Ernest Markham'
Very vigorous in habit, reaching up to 15 feet in height.
The single, intense reddish-pink flowers, up to 6 inches across, are borne during late summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
* photo taken on June 1 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on June 22 2014 in Harford Co., MD
* photo of unknown internet source
* photos taken on June 21 2014 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 26 2016 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Jun 14 2016 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Oct 23 2017 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 13 2019 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on Apr 20 2023 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Elsa Spaeth'
* photos taken on Sep 22 2015 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 10 2016 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Etoile Violette'
Very vigorous, reaching up to 15 x 5 feet.
The leaflets are long and oval.
The abundant, single, small, deep purple flowers, up to 2.5 inches across, are borne mid to late summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Hardy zones 5 to 9
'General Sikorski'
Reaches up to 12 feet.
The very large, single flowers, up to 10 inches wide, are lavender-purple with creamy-white anthers. It blooms during early summer and again in early autumn.
Hardy zones 3 to 8.
Clematis 'Gypsy Queen'
Vigorous growing.
Violet-purple flowers, up to 6 inches across, are borne late summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
* photos taken on June 4 2018 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 14 2020 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Hagley Hybrid'
Fast growing, reaching up to 10 x 3 feet in size.
The very abundant, shell-pink flowers, up to 8 inches across, are borne mid-summer to early autumn.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Prefers partial shade.
* photos taken on May 23 2023 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Henryi'
Vigorous in habit, reaching a maximum vining size of 20 x 12 feet. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 12 feet.
The abundant, large, pure white, single flowers, up to 8 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter if renovation is needed.
When pruned lightly it produced large flowers on old wood during late spring then another flush of smaller flowers on new growth later in the summer.
* photos of unknown internet source
Clematis 'Herbert Johnson'
Reddish-purple flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'H.F. Young'
Compact in habit, reaching up to 10 x 3 feet. Great for the patio or courtyard garden, also great for containers. It usually remains dense and full right down to the base.
Mid-blue to violet-blue ( with creamy-yellow anthers ) flowers, up to 8 ( averaging 4 ) inches across, borne late spring into early summer. Repeat bloom sometimes occurs during autumn.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
* photo taken on June 4 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on June 18 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 18 2023 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 19 2022 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Huldine'
Very vigorous, reaching up to 15 x 7 feet.
The profuse, single, white ( purplish-pink beneath ) flowers, up to 4 inches across, are borne mid summer to mid autumn.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Jackmannii Alba'
Vigorous growing, reaching a maximum size of 18 x 18 feet.
The white to bluish-white flowers, up to 7 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Jackmannii Rubra'
Vigorous growing, reaching a maximum size of 18 x 18 feet.
The leaves are up to 5 inches in length.
The red flowers, up to 7 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Jackmannii Superba'
Vigorous growing, reaching a maximum height of 30 feet though averaging only 13 feet.
Some records include: fastest growth rate - 12 feet.
The very abundant, velvety rich purple flowers, up to 7 inches across, are borne mid summer to early autumn. The flowers fade to violet as they age.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Thrives in sun or partial shade as long as the roots are shaded.
* photo of unknown internet source
* photo of unknown internet source
* photo taken on June 1 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 18 2013 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 20 2014 in Harford Co., MD
* photos taken on June 2015 in Harford Co., MD
* photo taken on June 9 2015 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 5 2018 in Columbia, MD
* photo of Jackman Clematis in Grand Bend, ON
* photos taken on June 10 2020 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 9 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on July 3 2022 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 14 2023 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Kacper'
A Polish hybrid with HUGE violet-purple, single flowers, up to 9 inches across.
Clematis 'Kathleen Wheeler'
Purplish-pink flowers, up to 7 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Lady Betty'
Vigorous growing.
The violet-blue flowers are borne during late summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Lasurstern'
Vigorous in habit, reaching up to 13 x 3 feet.
The single, deep blue ( with creamy-white anthers ) flowers, up to 8 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
The wavy-edged petals overlap.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Lincoln Star'
Moderately fast growing, reaching up to 10 x 3 feet.
Bright pink ( with paler edge ), single flowers, up to 6 inches across, borne late spring into early summer, often repeating during autumn.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Prefers partial shade.
Clematis 'Lord Nevill'
Deep pink, wavy-edged flowers, up to 7 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Madame Julia Correvon'
A very vigorous vine, reaching up to 11 x 3 feet.
The foliage is glossy mid-green.
The profuse, small, single, wine-red ( with creamy-yellow stamens ) flowers, up to 3 inches across, are borne mid summer to early autumn.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Hardy zones 5 to 9
Clematis 'Marcel Moser'
Purplish-pink ( barred deep red ) flowers, up to 8 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Margaret Hunt'
Vigorous growing.
The purplish-pink flowers are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
'Miss Bateman'
Compact in habit, reaching up to 8 feet in height, bearing very abundant, pure white ( with red stamen ) flowers, up to 5 inches across. They are borne early summer, often with a lesser repeat during late summer into early autumn.
Hardy zones 3 to 8. Due to the large amount of energy it puts into its initial blooming during early summer, deadheading immediately after flowering will increase chance of a repeat late summer bloom.
* photos taken on May 18 2013 in Baltimore Co., MD
* photo of unknown internet source
Clematis 'Mrs. N. Thompson'
Reaches up to 8 feet in height.
Violet ( barred scarlet-red ) flowers, up to 6 inches across, borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Multi Blue'
* photos taken on May 12 2021 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Mrs. Spencer Castle'
Light pink flowers borne late spring into early summer.
The first flush of flowers are semi-double.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Nelly Moser'
Very vigorous, reaching a maximum of 20 x 20 feet, though usually less than half that. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 11 feet.
The abundant, pale pink ( barred deep pink ) flowers, up to 9 ( rarely over 8 ) inches across, are borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Prefers partial shade.
* photos taken on May 6 2010 @ Brookside Gardens, Wheaton, MD
* photo of unknown internet source
* photos taken on May 19 2013 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 4 2021 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on may 18 2022 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Niobe'
Reaches a maximum height of 13 feet.
The deep red flowers, up to 8 inches across, are borne beginning mid-summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
* photo taken on June 4 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 18 2013 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on June 1 2014 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 14 2015 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 13 2019 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Perle D'Azur'
Reaches up to 12 feet in height.
The nodding sky-blue flowers, up to 5 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
* photo taken on June 22 2014 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 9 2019 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Proteus'
A moderately fast growing vine, reaching up to 10 x 3 feet.
The double, purplish-pink flowers, up to 5 inches across, are borne late spring into early summer. It often repeat blooms during late summer, those blooms are often single.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor. Prefers partial shade.
* photo taken on June 1 2014 @ Maryland Horticulturalist Society garden tour, Clarksville
Clematis 'P.T. James'
Deep blue, semi-double flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
'Clematis 'Ramona'
Very fast growing, reaching up to 16 feet, with large lavender-blue flowers, up to 8 inches across, during mid-summer into early autumn.
* photos taken on Nov 27 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 26 2013 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 15 2014 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 20 2014 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on June 20 2014 in Harford Co., MD
* photos taken on Aug 14 2015 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 17 2020 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Rouge Cardinal'
The deep red flowers are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
* photo taken by Milan Havlis, owner of central Europe's premier plant nursery
Clematis 'Snow Queen'
* photo taken on May 2011 in Towson, MD
* photos taken on June 4 2018 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 27 2023 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Star of India'
Vigorous growing, reaching a maximum height of 13 feet.
The very abundant, reddish-purple ( red barred ) flowers, up to 5 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer. The flowers fade to purplish-blue.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Susan Allsop'
Rosy-purple ( barred magenta ) flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Taiga'
A perennial vine, reaching up to 8 feet.
The very showy, double flowers with curved up tips are usually purple with white tips. It blooms during early summer, then repeating during early autumn.
Hardy zones 6 to 8 ( possibly 5b )
* photos taken on Sep 24 2020 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'The President'
Vigorous in habit, reaching up to 12 x 3 feet.
The abundant, deep violet-blue ( with paler bars ) flowers, up to 8 inches across, borne late spring into early summer, often repeating early to mid autumn.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor. The flowers are slightly cupped.
Among the easiest to grow, it has even been reported to grow in northern Texas as long as it gets only morning sun only.
* photos taken on May 6 2010 @ Brookside Gardens, Wheaton, MD
* photo taken on June 1 2014 @ Maryland Horticulturalist Society garden tour, Clarksville
* photos taken on June 9 2015 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 13 2019 in Columbia, MD
Clematis 'Tie Dye'
* photo taken on June 22 2014 in Howard Co., MD
Clematis 'Tillicum'
Very large, pale blue flowers are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Venosa Violacea'
Bipinnate foliage.
The violet-blue ( veined white ) flowers are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Victoria'
The rosy-purple ( barred ) flowers, up to 6 inches across, are borne beginning mid summer.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Clematis 'Ville de Lyon'
Very vigorous, reaching a maximum height of 33 feet, though usually no more than 15 feet.
The single, deep red ( edged glowing mid-red ) flowers, up to 7 inches across, are borne during late summer. The anthers are yellow.
Prune back to 3 feet from the ground during late winter.
Thrives in full sun to partial shade.
* photo taken on June 20 2014 in Harford Co., MD
* photo taken on June 1 2014 @ Maryland Horticulturalist Society garden tour, Clarksville
Clematis 'Violet Elizabeth'
Purplish-pink flowers borne late spring into early summer. The first flush of flowers are double.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Vyvyan Pennell'
The trifoliate leaves are composed of 3 leaflets, up to 5 x 4 inches.
Violet-blue ( with red tinge ) flowers borne late spring into early summer.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
Clematis 'Walter Pennell'
Intense deep pink flowers borne late spring into early summer. The first flush of blooms is double.
Prune lightly to strong buds during late winter to improve vigor.
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